how_to_write_a_good_essay_step_by_step

新网编辑 教育资讯 5

第一步:拿到题目后到底该做什么?

很多人一拿到英语作文题就急着动笔,结果写到一半才发现跑题。正确的做法是先拆解题干,把关键词圈出来,再问自己三个问题:

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  • 这篇文章的体裁是什么?(议论文、说明文、记叙文还是应用文)
  • 题目给出的限定条件有哪些?(字数、时态、人称、场景)
  • 读者是谁?(老师、考官、普通网友)

第二步:如何在一分钟内搭好框架?

搭框架不是写提纲,而是画“思维箭头”。拿一张草稿纸,在正中央写下主题词,然后向四周画四条箭头:

  1. 背景:用一句话交代时间、地点或现象。
  2. 冲突:点出矛盾或问题,让读者产生“然后呢?”的好奇心。
  3. 解决:给出你的观点或方法,至少两点,最多三点。
  4. 升华:把话题拉到更高层面,比如社会责任、人生哲理。

自问:这样画箭头会不会太简单?实践证明,四条箭头=四段结构,正好对应开头、两段正文、结尾。


第三步:怎样写出让人眼前一亮的开头?

开头最怕“Nowadays, with the development of society”。换掉它,有三种“钩子”可以瞬间抓住注意力:

  • 场景钩子:At 7:30 a.m., the subway door snapped shut, leaving a crying child on the platform.
  • 数据钩子:Every sixty seconds, three new fast-food restaurants open somewhere in the world.
  • 对话钩子:“Why can’t I use my phone?” my grandmother asked, waving her 5G device like a magic wand.

自问:老师会不会觉得这些钩子太花哨?只要与主题相关,越具体越真诚,分数反而更高。


第四步:正文段落如何做到逻辑递进?

每段只讲一个核心点,用PEEL模型层层推进:

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  1. P-Point:段首句直接亮观点。
  2. E-Evidence:举例子,最好是自己或身边人的真事。
  3. E-Explanation:解释例子如何证明观点。
  4. L-Link:用一句话回扣主题,并引出下一段。

示例:

Point: Reading paper books still beats e-books in deep learning.

Evidence: Last semester, I tried two versions of the same chemistry textbook.

Explanation: The tactile act of turning pages helped me build a mental map of chapters.

Link: This spatial memory is only the first advantage; the second lies in fewer distractions.

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第五步:词汇与句式怎样升级而不做作?

升级不是堆砌生僻词,而是精准替换。给出三组对比:

  • good → beneficial / effective / heart-warming
  • many → a wide spectrum of / an avalanche of
  • think → argue / maintain / contend

句式方面,交替使用长短句

短句制造节奏:Ideas matter. Words matter more. Actions matter most.

长句展示逻辑:Although digital payment has simplified transactions, it has also widened the gap between tech-savvy youngsters and elderly citizens who still clutch worn-out wallets.


第六步:如何写出有回味的结尾?

结尾不是重复,而是放大。三种常用策略:

  1. 首尾呼应:把开头的场景再提一次,展示变化。
  2. 提出反问:If we can land a rover on Mars, why can’t we land a sincere apology on a friend’s heart?
  3. 开放展望:Perhaps the next time the subway door closes, someone will hold it open for a stranger.

第七步:检查环节最容易忽视哪些细节?

留出三分钟做“逆向扫描”:

  • 动词时态:全文是否统一?
  • 冠词a/an/the:有没有漏掉或多余?
  • 拼写易错词:environment, government, definitely
  • 标点:英文省略号是三个点…,中文是六个……

自问:这些细节真的影响分数吗?阅卷老师平均90秒一篇作文,任何刺眼错误都会放大。


第八步:实战演练示范(120词微型范文)

题目:Write about a time when you helped someone learn a new skill.

范文

“Left foot on the clutch, right foot on the gas,” I repeated, steadying my sister’s trembling hands on the steering wheel. For two weekends, we circled the empty parking lot, the engine coughing like an old man clearing his throat. Each stall felt like failure, yet she refused to quit. On the third Sunday, the car finally purred forward smoothly. Her eyes sparkled—not from victory, but from realizing that patience is a quieter engine than horsepower. Teaching her to drive, I relearned the art of slowing down.


第九步:如何持续提高写作水平?

把写作变成日常肌肉训练

  1. 每天写三句话日记,用上新学的词汇。
  2. 每周模仿一篇《纽约时报》社论的开头。
  3. 每月找老师或同学做一次peer review,专门挑逻辑漏洞。

自问:坚持多久能看到效果?六周后,你会惊讶地发现字数越写越短,意思却越写越长。

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